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Municipality of Rosario Batangas

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Rosario Batangas Philippines

Sunday, November 13, 2011

Demography

The information contained in this article were based on the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Rosario, Batangas for the planning period 2000-2010 and were current in 1999 except in places where updates were duly noted.

Historical Growth of Population
The population of Rosario enumerated on various censuses from 1903-1999 could be described as having three characteristic phases. The first phase is the start-up years of 1903-1960; second phase is the build-up period of 1960-1980; and third is the rapid growth phase of 1980 to this date.

The start-up period 1903-1960 presented an annual population count that is generally increasing. The population steadily increased from 8,326 in 1903 to 36,020 in 1948. The 1960 census, however, presented the first and only recorded actual decrease in population at 32,868 that was lower even compared to the 1939 figure of 34,130 registered more than 20 years earlier. Characteristically, the whole period of 1903-1960 presented a deceleration in the annual population growth rate. This period covered the World War Years wherein the municipality experienced hardships during the Japanese Occupation, which may have a factor in the behavior of its population trend.

It should also be pointed out, however, that that it was only slightly more than 50 years ago since 1960 that the municipality was established in its present location on June 9, 1907 – after so many years of chronicles.

The second phase or the build-up period is the years 1960-1980, wherein the population steadily increased, while its average growth rate fluctuated. The population of the municipality experienced an increase of more than 165% over this 20 years period.

The third phase or the rapid growth period of 1980-1999 continued the increasing trend of the population enumerated, and at the same time ushered-in acceleration of the average growth rate, from 2.12% in 1980-1990 to 2.30% annually in 1990-1999. Within this phase, the municipality moved from being a 5th Class Municipality in 1990 to 2nd Class Municipality effective in 1996 in terms of income, which reflected the rapid growth and development of Rosario as a progressive community.

Overall, the population of the municipality showed a hill, a valley and a continuing uphill climb over the period just few years short of a decade. In a similar way the average growth rate presented peaks and troughs over the same period. Population growth behaved in such way that when before 1960, it took almost 50 years to reach the 1960 population level or double the estimated population in 1913; after that, it took only 30 years to double the 1960 population which occurred sometime between 1989-1999.

Historical Growth of Population Municipality of Rosario, Batangas: 1903-1999
Population
1903 - 8,326
1918 - 22,174
1939 - 34,130
1948 - 36,020
1960 - 32,868
1970 - 42,704
1975 - 47,298
1980 - 54,252
1990 - 66,923
1995 - 74,976
1999 - 82,115

Growth Rate
1903 -
1918 6.75%
1939 2.07%
1948 0.60%
1960 -0.76%
1970 2.65%
1975 2.06%
1980 2.78%
1990 2.12%
1995 2.30%
1999 2.30%

Source: 1990 Census of Population and Housing. Population by City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office

Urban and Rural Population
Urban population refers to the population residing in the urban barangays as classified by the NSO. Rural population refers to the population residing in the rural barangays as classified by the NSO.

In 1999, there were 7,177 persons residing in the 5 urban barangays and 74,955 persons in the 43 rural barangays of the municipality. The rural population of Rosario was more than 10 times greater than its urban population.

Population distribution by barangays indicates that the 10 most populous barangays ranked according to their 1999 population were: Bagong Pook, Itlugan, Namuco, Alupay, Bulihan, San Roque, San Isidro, San Carlos, Namunga, and Masaya. Together, these 10 barangays account for more than a third of the total population of the municipality.

On the other hand, the 10 least populated barangays are Matamis, Antipolo, Maligaya, Palakpak, Lumbangan, Poblacion A, Macalamcam A, Bayawang, Mavalor, and Mabato. These barangays make up slightly more than 10% of the total population of the municipality.

Interestingly, Bagong Pook, Itlugan, Namuco, Alupay and Bulihan were consistently ranked within the top 5 most populous barangays of the municipality; while Matamis, Antipolo and Maligaya remained as the 3 least populated barangays based on the 1975, 1980, 1990 and 1995 censal years.

Urbanization Level
The level of urbanization or the proportion of urban population to the total population indicates the concentration of the population in urban areas. The 1999 level of urbanization (8.74%) for the municipality has relatively been unchanged for almost 20 years since 1980.

The current level of urbanization even decreased by 0.85 percentage points compared with the 1990 figure almost 10 years ago. Similarly, the urbanization level 30 years ago in 1970 was even higher compared with the current level.

The decrease in the proportion of urban population maybe attributed perhaps to the growing economic opportunities that could be found at this time in the rural barangays of the municipality. The progressive expansion of development in the rural communities further indicates the impact of agro-industrialization on urbanization.

Using the 1980-1990 urbanization level as the benchmark, both the province (27.0% and the region (51.1%) were markedly more urbanized compared to the municipality (9.59%). And this could still be considered valid even in 1999.

Tempo of Urbanization
This view is further suggested by the generally negative tempo of urbanization for the last 25 years since 1970-1975 period except for the period 1980-1990 which posted a positive 1.05 tempo of urbanization. The tempo of urbanization refers to the population growth rate of the urban areas less the population growth rate of the rural areas.

Comparatively, the province (6.17) and the region (5.92) both exhibited considerably faster tempo of urbanization even today, as they were 10 years ago.

The lower level of urbanization and the slower tempo of urbanization compared with the province and the region as a whole could also be attributed to the predominantly agricultural economy of the municipality. This is owing to the fact that more than 99% of its land area is presently classified as agricultural.

Moreover, although Rosario is within the CALABARZON growth area, much of the major investments in agro-industrial and infrastructure projects were located outside of the municipality.

It is only very recently that big budgeted projects on the scale of Puyat Steel Corporation were coming in. But its effect on urbanization could hardly be ascertained at this time. Furthermore, since our present urban land area is so small, it would obviously be the rural barangays that would absorb much of the investments in the pipeline – exerting further pressure on the rural population growth rate.

Population Density
Among the more significant issues that related to population growth is one concerning the relationship between increasing population and available land resources. The rapidly growing population of the municipality places considerable pressure on its limited resources. This relationship may be expressed in terms of population density. It is an index of distribution computed as the ratio of the number of persons per square kilometer.

Built-Up Density
The area used here is not a defined political or administrative area but it is a delineated built–up area from land use survey. We also defined a built-up area as a contiguous grouping of ten (10) or more structures. Built-up density would indicate the concentration of population in these identified built-up areas.

In addition to the 5 urban barangays comprising 7% of the total built-up area of Rosario, more than 232 hectares of built-up areas were also identified in 15 rural barangays of the municipality representing 97% of the total built-up area of the municipality. Of these 20 barangays with identified built-up areas, 8 belong to the 10 most populous barangays of the municipality. Expectedly, 9 out of the 10 most densely populated barangay have its own identified built-up area.

There were 6 barangays that are what could be considered as medium to high-density built-up areas namely, Poblacion C, Poblacion A, Bulihan, Namunga, Bagong Pook and Namuco. Notably, these built-up areas were distributed along the East-West and North-South grid of Rosario traversed by the national and provincial highways. But most of them were predictably clustered around the Poblacion area.

Urban Density
According to the planning standards prescribed by the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB), an urban or built-up area is considered a low density area if it has a density less than one hundred fifty (150) persons per hectare of urban or built-up area; medium density if it has a density of one hundred fifty one to two hundred fifty (151-250) persons per hectare of urban or built-up area; and high density if there are more than two hundred fifty (250) persons per hectare of urban or built-up area.

Based on these standards, with the 1999 gross urban density of Rosario figuring at about 77 person per hectare, the Poblacion as a whole was considered a low-density urban area.

Gross Density
Comparative density and rank of the 48 barangays was determined for the years 1995 and 1999. The 10 most densely populated barangays in the municipality were Poblacion C, D, E, B and A, Namunga, Namuco, Bagong Pook, San Roque and Malaya. Note that these included all Poblacion barangays and those adjoining these urban barangays excepting only Malaya.

On the other hand, the 10 sparsely populated barangays in the municipality were Masaya, Matamis, Antipolo, Palakpak, Tulos, Calantas, Leviste, Nasi, Mabato, San Isidro, Bayawang and Mabunga. Not including Mabato, all these included almost all of the barangays, which are considered the highland barangays of the municipality. These barangays had 42 to 165 persons per sq. km. only.

Age-Sex Structure

Sex Distribution
Of the 82,115 population of Rosario, 41, 591 are males and 40,524 are females. This indicates a sex ratio of 102.6 which is the number of males for every 100 females.

The age sex pyramid for Rosario shows an expansive structure indicating a young population. The base of the pyramid, however is slightly constricted that suggests fertility may be declining. The pyramid further shows that both the male and the female population decrease with advancing age.

Age Distribution
Broken down into three broad age groups, the population less than 15 years old constitute 39.5%; the productive age group or 15 – 64 years old, 56.2%; while the elderly or 65 years old and over, 4.2%.

Age Dependency Ratio
Dependency ratio is defined as the ratio of the population who are below 15 and over 65 years old for every 100 persons in the production age group 15-64 years. For 1999, the age dependency ratio was placed at 77.9.

Migration
Migration as used here, refers to the movement of population. More exactly, the movement of people across specified boundary for the purpose of residence. In-migration and out-migration, however, are used for internal movement between different areas within a country (internal migration). In-migration rate is a stream of people moving into an area in a given year per 100 or 1,000 mid-year population.

The presence of big industrial facilities, increasing number commercial establishments and sprawling large agricultural farms apparently contributed to the positive in-migration pattern in the municipality.

Marital Status
Married persons accounted for 47.4% of the population 10 years old and over in 1999. The proportion increased by 0.3 percentage points from its proportion in 1990. In contrast the proportion of never-married or single persons slightly decreased from 47.4% in 1990 to 47.3% in 1999 representing a decrease of 0.1 percentage points.

Looking at the single persons by age group reveals that more males than female are available for marriage among those below 40 years, but the reverse is true in the older age group. The discrepancy in the number of single males and females is largest for the age group 20-24 years old where males outnumbered the opposite sex by almost 50%.

Ethnicity
Mother tongue refers to the language or dialect spoken by a person at his earliest childhood or the language or dialect that a person first learned. Data on mother tongue are used in the analysis of ethnic origin of a person.

Tagalog is the mother tongue of 98.8% of the total population of the municipality. Bikol, 0.35%; Waray, 0.15%; Cebuano and Masbateño follow this, both at 0.14%; and Ilocano, 0.09%.

Understandably, the mother tongue of the population is overwhelmingly Tagalog since Rosario is a municipality of Batangas, a historic Southern Tagalog province known for its distinct Tagalog accent. This also indicates that most of the migrants are from within the province itself or from other Tagalog-speaking provinces.

But the current figure also presented a changing pattern of migrants. The Tagalog population decreased by 0.5 percentage points compared with the 1990 figure suggesting an increasing number of non-Tagalog migrants.

Population by Mother Tongue (1999)
Bikol - 287
B'laan - 8
Cebuano - 115
Cotabateno-Chavacano - 8
Hiligaynon, Ilonggo - 25
Ilocano - 74
Ilongot - 33
Kalinga - 8
Kapampangan - 25
Masbateno - 115
Negrito - 8
Pangasinan - 8
Rombloanon - 16
Sambal - 10
Sangil/Sangir - 8
Subanun - 25
Tagalog 81,138
Tausog - 16
Waray - 123
Chinese - 8
Other Local Dialects - 25
Not Stated - 8
Total - 82,115

Source: National Statistics Office

Religious Affiliation
Majority of the population of Rosario is Roman Catholic (92.74%). The Iglesia Ni Cristo and Aglipay, two religions that originated in the country, followed with identical 2.2% figure. Next are the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (0.06%), Born Again Christians (0.45%) and the Seventh Day Adventists (0.33%).

Population by Religious Affiliation Municipality of Rosario, Batangas
Roman Catholic - 76,157
Aglipay - 1,834
Islam - 7
Iglesia ni Cristo - 1,835
United Church of Christ in the Phil. - 705
Jehovah's Witness - 49
Lutheran Church in the Philippines - 6
Phil. Benevolent Missionaries Asso. - 55
Seventh Day Adventist - 268
Born Again Christians - 373
Baptist Conference of the Phil. - 1
Bible Baptist - 32
Other Baptists - 10
Iglesia Evangelista Methodista en Las Filipinas - 7
Other Protestants - 364
Others - 379
Not Stated - 33
Total - 82,115

Source: National Statistics Office

Disabled Persons
For our purposes, disability refers to any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. In 1999, about 0.5% of the total population were reported to have a disability.

One out of ten persons with disability is orthopedically handicapped. About 25% of persons with disability have blindness disability. And more than two out of five persons with disability have speech impairment, mental retardation, deafness or muteness. For all types of disability, the proportion of females with disability is higher than that of males with disability.

Persons with Disability by Type of Disability Municipality of Rosario, Batangas: 1999
Orthopedic Handicap - 13
Blindness - 104
Speech Impairment - 75
Mental Retardation - 64
Deafness/Muteness - 48
Total - 425

Source: Office for Municipal Social Welfare and Development, Rosario, Batangas

Literacy Rate
Literacy, as used in the census, refers to the ability to read and write a simple message in any language or dialect.

In 1999, the proportion of the population who is able to read and write registered 96.2%. For urban residents, literacy rate was placed at 98.4%, while the rural population had a lower rate of 95.9%. Higher literacy rate in the urban areas can be attributed to the presence of more learning institutions and their accessibility to the populace. Males posted a higher literacy rate of 96.7% compared to the 95.6% for females.

Highest Grade Completed
Of the population 5 years old and over in 1999, 26.5% finished at least high school education. The high proportion of population who completed at least high school education indicates a better-educated populace. This may be partly attributed to the free secondary education mandated by the 1987 Philippine Constitution. Academic degree holders constitute 5.6% of the population 5 years old and over.

Labor Force
Labor force or the economically active population refers to population 15 years old and over who are either employed or unemployed. Employed persons refer to persons who work for pay in any government or private enterprise or those who work for profit; or with or without pay on the farm or business operated by a member of the same household related by blood, marriage or adoption regardless of the number of hours devoted for work.

Also included are those who are temporarily absent from job or business because of such reasons as temporary illness, vacationing, striking or other valid reasons.

Unemployed persons include all those who are reported wanting and looking for work on a full time basis. The desire to work must be sincere and the person must be serious about working.
Economically active population accounted for 55.5% of the population 15 years old and over in 1999. Of the labor force population (economically active), 49.8% were employed and 5.7% were unemployed.

Majority of the male population 15 years old and over are in the labor force (77.5%). Females in the labor force account for only 16.4% of the total population 15 years old and over.

Population Projections
Population projections are required for the analysis of various trends, for measuring shifts in population, and for determining the allocation of public funds or political representation in government. Population projections needed for various planning purposes were calculated and are presented elsewhere in this website.

The method of population projection used in this plan is the Geometric Rate Method. Geometric formula for estimating projected population assumes that population grows in a manner analogous to the growth of money deposited in a bank, i.e., the annual interest (or net additions) on a principal (or base population) is capable of yielding additional interest in the following year.

Mathematically, this is expressed as: Pn = Po ( 1 + r ) t where:
Po = the base population of an area
Pn = the population of the area t years later
t = the length of time interval in calendar years, and fraction thereof, between Po and Pn
r = the rate of growth of the population per unit time, assumed to be constant over the time interval.

The Municipality of Rosario is expected to have some 84,004 people by the year 2000 and 105,452 by the year 2010. The 2010 population will be about 1.3 times that of the 1999 population representing an increase of 23,337 persons over the next 10 years.


Reference
Municipal Land Use Committee and the Office of the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator (June 2000), Comprehensive Land Use Plan of Rosario, Batangas for Planning Period: 2000-2010, Municipality of Rosario, Batangas, Philippines

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